The PSTN has always embraced technological advancement on a systemic basis. That is, as technological advancements emerged they were deployed in the network through cooperation by all participants, for the good of the network as a whole. Signaling systems are examples of such cooperation. When outpulsing and automated switches displaced switchboard operators, when DTMF (Dual-Tone Multi-Frequency) and MF (Multi-Frequency) displaced outpulsing and more recently when SS7 displaced DTMF and MF the PSTN moved, in concert, to implement those changes for the benefit of service providers and subscribers alike.
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